Mushrooms and Toadstools

After a week of steady rain, I was eager to go outside for a lovely sunny walk. 

I got only as far as my next-door neighbor's front yard when I noticed a patch of colorful fungi sprouting in his damp lawn.

I looked twice with amazement as I recognized the mushrooms with the bright red caps and white spots as the classic toadstools from my childhood fairy tales.

Fairy Tale Mushroom aka Amanita mascara.

Immediately, I began to photograph them when my neighbor came out to see what I was up doing. 

He wasn't a stranger; we had met on several occasions, and he was very friendly but surprisingly curious about my curiosity about the mushrooms. 

We chatted about them for a moment, then he went back inside, probably thinking, crazy American, hasn’t she ever seen a mushroom!  

If he had asked, I would have told him, not these, and not up close and personal!

Although I call them fairy mushrooms, their scientific name is Amanita muscaria, Fly Agaric, or fly mushroom for short. 

I was surprised at its size, almost as tall as my 4-inch coffee mug.  

The part of the mushroom above ground is its fruiting body connected to the stipe, but underground the mushroom has a large build with many hair-like fibers. 

When sprouting, they are bright red but turn orange and yellow before flattening their tops, releasing spores, and fully decomposing.

This process is essential to our ecosystems because it releases enzymes that break down decaying matter - nature’s way of recycling and putting chemical nutrients (carbon and nitrogen) back into the soil, water, and air.

New sprouting Amanita under a decaying one.

Last stage of decay for the Amanita muscaria mushroom.

Mushrooms and toadstools are both fungi with interchangeable names.  

Poisonous mushrooms became known as toadstools because toxic toads used them as seats or stools.  

The composition of the mushroom cap is toxic alkaloids called isotonic acid and muscimol.  

They are also called shrooms or magic mushrooms.  

If consumed, their agents can affect the nervous system and cause diarrhea, nausea, intoxication, delirium, and hallucinations within 20 minutes after digesting.  

Some folks pick them, dry them, mix them in food, or brew them into a tea to make an intoxicating drug. 

A high can result in bad trips that last up to six hours, so daredevils, beware!

It would be rare for humans to die from ingesting small amounts, but it can be lethal for dogs in large quantities.  

Luckily, sometimes dogs have an instinct to stay clear of them. 

However, flys attracted to their scent become intoxicated and possibly die, which is helpful in Sydney since they have a fly problem. 

It's easy to kill a drunk fly!  

But if you need help, crush the mushroom cap, mix it with milk and make an insecticide.

Sydneysiders colloquially call folks that harvest these mushrooms mushie pickers.  

They look for them in wet areas with lots of fallen pine needles, mulch, and heavy leaf debris, which was the composition of my neighbor's yard on that day.

Wet pine cone and leaf debris - the perfect breeding ground for Amanita mushrooms.

Foraging wild mushrooms can be a thing, but please, leave that task to serious mushroom hunters unless you know which ones are safe to pick and eat.

If they have an acrid smell, they may be poisonous or hallucinogenic.

This hallucinogenic fungus often upstages fantasy characters in art, text, video game literature, and cinema.

There are legends that Santa Claus dresses in Amanita mushroom colors and feeds the fungus to his reindeer, making them believe they can fly. 

Children grow up seeing illustrations of Gnomes and fairies under umbrella-shaped mushrooms with red and white caps.  

Alice in Wonderland shrinks and grows after eating magical Amanita mushrooms.

Mario eats them in Nintendo's video game which makes him grow -  turning into Super Mario.

Papa Smurf lives under a fairy tale mushroom which may be why he is a bit pie-eyed.

Papa Smurf sitting on a magic mushroom.

I was so glad that I captured a few photos of the Amanita mushrooms from my neighbor's yard because when I returned the next day for a second photoshoot, they were gone.

Perhaps they dried up or decomposed overnight, or a dog ate them like they did my homework. 

Or maybe my neighbor thought I would harvest them for myself or, worse, snitch because they were growing wild in his front yard - the furthest things from my mind! 

He may have just been playing it safe because, according to Wikipedia, possessing large quantities of Hallucinogenic mushrooms is illegal in Australia. 

After meeting my neighbor once or twice, he should have known that I had only good intentions, but maybe not since I may have been trespassing.  

Ultimately, I'm just a curious American visitor who loves to photograph all things Sydney!

Neighbors yard without mushrooms.

Before I stumbled across the mushrooms, I thought they were just fantasy illustrations designed to appeal to children's imaginations.

But I should have known better - psychoactive toadstools in fairytales - really - you can't just make this stuff up.

I still take note of mushrooms growing wild near the house, just as long as they are not in someone's front yard.

Mushrooms in a nearby field.

Tree mushrooms.

Sometimes, being in Sydney is like being in Dorothy's OZ, where fantasies become a reality.  

And while I agree that there's no place like home in the US, I also think there's no place like Sydney!

Disappearing mushrooms . . .  

Hallucinogenic fungi . . .

Sistah in Wonderland . . . 

I am NOT in Kansas!

A Slug of a Different Color

Spoiler Alert - Mold-eating bug!

After a week of rain, I was taking out the trash when I saw a translucent weird-looking bug with a red geometric design on its back that hardly looked real.

I thought, 'What in the world?'

I went immediately into survival mode and quickly ran back inside the house - still carrying trash.

I asked my son-in-law to go out and take a look at the bug.

Returning inside, he asked, "How'd you like that slug?"

Piqued with curiosity, I went back out to take another look after getting up the nerve.

Snapping a picture, I grabbed my computer and looked it up on Google Images.

The critter was a typical Sydney garden-variety slug called the red triangle slug - common in eastern Australia.

I thought, 'Now that's a slug of a different color!'

It's also known as a leaf-vein slug because the thin lines on its back resemble a leaf. 

Thankfully, it doesn't bite and is not poisonous, but some carry parasites.  

Not sure how you know which ones.

It has two tentacles, a red border, and quite a dramatic hole in the center of the triangle, which is its yucky-looking breathing spore.

It reminded me of that old expression about putting lipstick on a pig. 

One day unexpectedly, I came across another land slug with a grey body and orange triangle, blending in with the wet cement wall.   

That's when I found out that these critters vary in color and can be white, grey, beige, red, pink, or olive green.

I decided to measure it to get a sense of its size.  

This one was probably young at three inches since they can grow to be eleven.  

Like most slugs, it moved slowly, making it an easy target to photograph. 

But for its predators, they are a challenge to catch.

When threatened, it secretes a sticky defense mucus as powerful as super glue that can stick an animal, as large as a frog, to a surface for hours - giving the slug time to crawl away slowly.  

However, it's a mystery how the slug itself doesn't get stuck in its glue.

Birds find it difficult to grab hold of them because they are slimy. 

You've got to love nature!

Red triangle slugs are nocturnal and keep out of sight during the day, which may be why I hadn't seen one before.  

While they are not rare in Sydney, they can be hard to find if searching for one.

Many unusual critters found in the back garden come from the remnant bushland close to the house called Echo Point Park, where there are many places for them to hide during the day, like under leaf debris, broken branches, and aggregate stones.

They are known to graze on lichen and algae from the Eucalyptus trees and leave recognizable trails where they have cleared paths.

After a heavy rain, they crawl up stone walls and over rocks looking for lichen or mosses. 

They also eat mushrooms and household mold.  

So don't pull out the salt shaker if you find this critter inside the house.  

Instead, please put it in your bathroom, where it will remove all the mold from your tile, floor, cracks, shower, and shower curtains!

They're supposedly better than the harsh cleaners you find in big box hardware stores and biologically friendly to boot!  

Now that's what I'm talking about!

However, keep in mind that they may want a house tour after removing bathroom mold.

If you're like me, you probably don't like slimy slow-crawling creatures like slugs, worms, or leeches, but you have to admit, the red triangle slug is quite a spectacle!

Lipstick on a slug . . .

Mucus slime, stronger than superglue . . .

Slugs that clean mold. . . 

Sydney is NOT Kansas!